Deep weathering in the semi-arid Coastal Cordillera, Chile

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Krone, L.V.; Hampl, F.J.; Schwerdhelm, C.; Bryce, C.; Ganzert, L. et al.: Deep weathering in the semi-arid Coastal Cordillera, Chile. In: Scientific Reports 11 (2021), 13057. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90267-7

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The weathering front is the boundary beneath Earth’s surface where pristine rock is converted into weathered rock. It is the base of the “critical zone”, in which the lithosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere interact. Typically, this front is located no more than 20 m deep in granitoid rock in humid climate zones. Its depth and the degree of rock weathering are commonly linked to oxygen transport and fluid flow. By drilling into fractured igneous rock in the semi-arid climate zone of the Coastal Cordillera in Chile we found multiple weathering fronts of which the deepest is 76 m beneath the surface. Rock is weathered to varying degrees, contains core stones, and strongly altered zones featuring intensive iron oxidation and high porosity. Geophysical borehole measurements and chemical weathering indicators reveal more intense weathering where fracturing is extensive, and porosity is higher than in bedrock. Only the top 10 m feature a continuous weathering gradient towards the surface. We suggest that tectonic preconditioning by fracturing provided transport pathways for oxygen to greater depths, inducing porosity by oxidation. Porosity was preserved throughout the weathering process, as secondary minerals were barely formed due to the low fluid flow.
License of this version: CC BY 4.0 Unported
Document Type: Article
Publishing status: publishedVersion
Issue Date: 2021
Appears in Collections:Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät

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1 image of flag of Germany Germany 10 41.67%
2 image of flag of United States United States 9 37.50%
3 image of flag of United Kingdom United Kingdom 2 8.33%
4 image of flag of Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran, Islamic Republic of 1 4.17%
5 image of flag of Europe Europe 1 4.17%
6 image of flag of China China 1 4.17%

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